Internal root morphology of premolars according to radiographic imaging

摘要

The present study addresses the topic of the internal morphology of root canals and the use of radiographs for their diagnosis. The objective focuses on establishing the morphology of root canals in premolars through radiographic imaging. The methodology involved a descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional research with a qualitative approach, using a sample of 40 extracted dental pieces (both upper and lower premolars). Techniques and instruments utilized included observation forms based on the analysis of radiographs, photographs, and a phosphor plate processor. Periapical radiographs were taken to observe the root canal system, and a phosphor plate processor was used to obtain sharper images. Accessory or collateral canals were identified within Type I morphology, representing 7.5% of the total, as well as apical deltas, also with an incidence of 7.5%. It is noteworthy that 85% of the specimens showed no morphological variations. The study concluded that the anatomy of premolar root canal systems is variable, emphasizing the importance of understanding these variations for the success of endodontic treatment. It was observed that 45% of the studied premolars had one root, while 55% had two roots. Most premolars had one or two root canals, with different configurations according to Vertucci's classification.