
Ciencia y Educación
(L-ISSN: 2790-8402 E-ISSN: 2707-3378)
Vol. 7 No. 1.1
Edición Especial I 2026
Página 657
paciente frente a la información sanitaria
difundida a través de medios digitales, desde un
enfoque crítico y contextualizado. La
metodología empleada es de carácter
cualitativo, con un enfoque descriptivo–
analítico, basada en la revisión documental de
normativa ecuatoriana, doctrina jurídica
especializada, principios de bioética y artículos
científicos relacionados con marketing digital y
comunicación sanitaria, lo que permite una
comprensión integral del fenómeno estudiado.
Los resultados evidencian la existencia de
riesgos jurídicos relevantes, tales como la
publicidad engañosa, el uso indebido de datos
personales sensibles y la generación de
expectativas irreales en los pacientes, así como
vacíos normativos específicos en el
ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano, lo que
refuerza la necesidad de fortalecer la
regulación y promover prácticas de
comunicación ética en el sector salud. Se
concluye que el marketing digital en los
servicios de salud no puede concebirse
únicamente como una herramienta comercial,
sino como una actividad jurídicamente
regulada y éticamente condicionada, cuya
correcta aplicación debe priorizar la protección
de la dignidad, la autonomía y los derechos
fundamentales del paciente en el contexto
ecuatoriano.
Palabras clave: Responsabilidad jurídica,
Ética, Markeging digital, Servicios de Salud,
Análisis de riesgo, Regulaciones,
Percepción, Paciente.
Abstract
Digital marketing applied to healthcare
services has gained increasing relevance in
Ecuador, driven by the expansion of
information technologies, the widespread use
of social media, and the need for competitive
positioning of clinics, hospitals, and healthcare
professionals. This has transformed traditional
communication dynamics in the healthcare
sector. However, the incorporation of digital
marketing strategies in healthcare raises
significant legal and ethical challenges due to
the unique nature of healthcare services, which
are directly linked to fundamental rights such
as life, human dignity, personal integrity, and
the right to receive truthful and sufficient
information for informed decision-making.
This article aims to analyze the legal and
ethical responsibility arising from the use of
digital marketing in healthcare services in
Ecuador, identifying the main legal risks
associated with these practices, the applicable
regulatory framework, and patients'
perceptions of health information disseminated
through digital media, from a critical and
contextualized perspective. The methodology
employed is qualitative, with a descriptive-
analytical approach, based on a review of
Ecuadorian regulations, specialized legal
doctrine, bioethical principles, and scientific
articles related to digital marketing and
healthcare communication. This allows for a
comprehensive understanding of the
phenomenon under study. The results
demonstrate the existence of significant legal
risks, such as misleading advertising, the
misuse of sensitive personal data, and the
generation of unrealistic expectations in
patients, as well as specific regulatory gaps in
the Ecuadorian legal system. This reinforces
the need to strengthen regulations and promote
ethical communication practices in the
healthcare sector. It is concluded that digital
marketing in healthcare services cannot be
conceived solely as a commercial tool, but
rather as a legally regulated and ethically
conditioned activity. Its proper application
must prioritize the protection of the dignity,
autonomy, and fundamental rights of patients
in the Ecuadorian context.
Keywords: Legal responsibility, Ethics,
Digital marketing, Healthcare services, Risk
analysis, Regulations, Perception, Patient.
Sumário
O marketing digital aplicado aos serviços de
saúde tem ganhado crescente relevância no
Equador, impulsionado pela expansão das
tecnologias da informação, pelo uso
disseminado das mídias sociais e pela
necessidade de posicionamento competitivo de
clínicas, hospitais e profissionais de saúde. Isso
transformou a dinâmica tradicional da