
Ciencia y Educación
(L-ISSN: 2790-8402 E-ISSN: 2707-3378)
Vol. 6 No. 12
Diciembre del 2025
Página 144
2023/1115. No obstante, a pesar de esta sólida
relación, el nivel general de preparación no es
óptimo, ya que persisten desafíos críticos en la
gestión operativa y la capacitación técnica a lo
largo de la cadena de valor.
Palabras clave: Trazabilidad,
Exportadoras, Cadena de valor, Medidas
sostenibles, Reglamento 2023/1115,
Certificación.
Abstract
This research aimed to analyze the relationship
between the implementation of environmental
sustainability measures in the value chain and
the level of preparedness of cocoa bean
exporters in the province of El Oro for
compliance with Regulation (EU) 2023/1115.
The study was developed with a quantitative
approach and a limited descriptive-exploratory
correlational scope, incorporating variable
analysis. Since the sample consisted of only ten
companies that export to the European Union,
the relationship between the variables was
examined based on observed patterns, using a
non-experimental, cross-sectional study. For
the development of this study, the analytical-
synthetic and historical-logical scientific
methods were applied, along with the
document analysis sheet technique. The
research considered cocoa bean exporters in the
province of El Oro as the unit of analysis, to
which structured surveys were applied to
collect quantitative information on their
sustainable environmental measures applied in
their value chain and their level of
preparedness. The results showed that
exporters have begun to incorporate
sustainable measures, mainly in strengthening
traceability, certifying deforestation-free
practices, and adopting technological
environmental monitoring systems. In
conclusion, the calculation of the Pearson
correlation coefficient, as a descriptive
indicator of the data from the 10 surveyed
companies, revealed a very strong positive
trend (r = 0.94) between the variables. This
result should be interpreted as a solid
descriptive association within the studied
sample, since, although the coefficient
rigorously quantifies the observed relationship,
the sample size (n=10) does not meet the
conventional threshold (generally n>30) that
would allow for statistical inferences or
generalizing the findings to a broader
population. This result suggests that companies
with greater advancements in traceability,
certification, and sustainable production
present a substantially higher degree of
preparedness for compliance with Regulation
(EU) 2023/1115. Nevertheless, despite this
strong relationship, the overall level of
preparedness is not optimal, as critical
challenges persist in operational management
and technical training throughout the value
chain.
Keywords: Traceability, Exporters, Value
chain, Sustainable measures, Regulation
2023/1115, Certification.
Sumário
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a
relação entre a implementação de medidas de
sustentabilidade ambiental na cadeia de valor e
o nível de preparação das exportadoras de cacau
em grão da província de El Oro para o
cumprimento do Regulamento (UE) 2023/1115.
O estudo foi desenvolvido com uma abordagem
quantitativa e um escopo correlacional
exploratório-descritivo limitado, incorporando
a análise das variáveis. Uma vez que a amostra
foi constituída por apenas dez empresas que
exportam para a União Europeia, a relação entre
as variáveis foi examinada com base em
padrões observados, por meio de um estudo não
experimental, de orientação transversal. Para o
desenvolvimento deste estudo, foram aplicados
os métodos científicos analítico-sintético,
histórico-lógico e a técnica de ficha de estudo
de documentos. A pesquisa considerou como
unidade de análise as exportadoras de cacau em
grão da província de El Oro, às quais foram
aplicados questionários estruturados para
coletar informações quantitativas sobre suas
medidas ambientais sustentáveis aplicadas em
sua cadeia de valor e seu nível de preparação.
Os resultados mostraram que as exportadoras
começaram a incorporar medidas sustentáveis,
principalmente no fortalecimento da